Comparing Different Dog Training Methods
Dog training is an essential part of responsible pet ownership in New Zealand, and there are various methods available to Kiwi dog owners. Understanding these different approaches can help you choose the most suitable method for your furry mate. Let’s explore some of the most common dog training methods used in New Zealand and compare their effectiveness, philosophies, and suitability for different dogs and owners.
Positive Reinforcement Training
Positive reinforcement is one of the most popular and widely recommended training methods in New Zealand. This approach focuses on rewarding desired behaviours to encourage their repetition.
Key Features:
- Rewards good behaviour with treats, praise, or toys
- Ignores or redirects unwanted behaviour
- Builds a strong bond between dog and owner
The SPCA New Zealand strongly advocates for positive reinforcement training, stating that it’s “not only more effective but also strengthens the bond between you and your dog”. This method is suitable for dogs of all ages and breeds and is particularly effective for sensitive or anxious dogs.
Pros:
- Creates a positive learning experience
- Encourages dogs to think and problem-solve
- Reduces the risk of fear or aggression
Cons:
- Can be time-consuming
- Requires consistency and patience
- May not be as effective for certain ingrained behaviours
Clicker Training
Clicker training is a form of positive reinforcement that uses a small device to make a clicking sound to mark the exact moment a dog performs the desired behaviour.
Key Features:
- Uses a clicker to precisely mark correct behaviours
- Followed by a reward (usually a treat)
- Helps dogs understand exactly what behaviour is being rewarded
Many professional dog trainers in New Zealand, such as those certified by the New Zealand Association of Pet Dog Trainers (NZAPDT), use clicker training as part of their toolkit.
Pros:
- Very precise timing for marking behaviours
- Can be used to shape complex behaviours
- Effective for trick training
Cons:
- Requires good timing and coordination
- Some dogs may be scared of the clicker sound initially
- Owners need to always have the clicker on hand
Traditional or Alpha Training
This method is based on the outdated belief that dogs need a pack leader and uses dominance-based techniques. While still used by some, it’s increasingly discouraged by animal welfare organisations and professional trainers in New Zealand.
Key Features:
- Uses corrections or punishments to discourage unwanted behaviour
- Emphasises the owner’s role as the “alpha” or pack leader
- May involve physical corrections
Pros:
- Can produce quick results for some behaviours
- May be effective for certain strong-willed dogs
Cons:
- Can damage the bond between dog and owner
- May lead to fear or aggression
- Goes against current understanding of canine behaviour
The New Zealand Veterinary Association (NZVA) advises against dominance-based training methods, stating they “can lead to fear, anxiety and even aggression in dogs”.
Force-Free Training
Force-free training is an umbrella term for training methods that avoid the use of physical force, fear, or intimidation. This approach aligns with the Animal Welfare Act 1999, which requires that animals in New Zealand be treated humanely.
Key Features:
- Uses positive reinforcement and negative punishment (removing something the dog wants)
- Avoids physical corrections or intimidation
- Focuses on teaching alternative behaviours rather than punishing unwanted ones
Pros:
- Aligns with animal welfare best practices
- Builds trust and confidence in dogs
- Suitable for all dogs, especially sensitive or fearful ones
Cons:
- May take longer to see results with some behaviours
- Requires owners to be very patient and consistent
Electronic Collar Training
While controversial, electronic collar training is sometimes used in New Zealand, particularly for specific purposes like kiwi avoidance training. However, it’s important to note that many animal welfare organisations discourage its use for general training.
Key Features:
- Uses an electronic collar to deliver a static correction
- Often used for off-leash training or to address specific behaviours
Pros:
- Can be effective for certain behaviours, especially those related to safety
- Allows for off-leash control in some situations
Cons:
- Can cause fear and anxiety if not used correctly
- Potential for misuse or abuse
- May damage the dog-owner relationship
The use of electronic collars is regulated under the Animal Welfare (Care and Procedures) Regulations 2018 in New Zealand, which stipulates that they must not be used in a way that causes unreasonable or unnecessary pain or distress.
When choosing a dog training method, it’s essential to consider your dog’s individual personality, your own capabilities and preferences, and the specific behaviours you want to address. Most professional dog trainers in New Zealand recommend positive, force-free methods as they align with current understanding of canine behaviour and welfare standards.
The New Zealand Companion Animal Council emphasises the importance of using “humane, reward-based training methods that are backed by scientific evidence”. These methods not only effectively teach desired behaviours but also strengthen the bond between you and your canine companion.
Remember, consistency and patience are key regardless of the method you choose. If you’re struggling with training or have a particularly challenging behaviour to address, don’t hesitate to seek help from a professional dog trainer. The New Zealand Association of Pet Dog Trainers (NZAPDT) is a great resource for finding qualified trainers who use modern, humane training methods.
Ultimately, the goal of dog training is to create a harmonious relationship between you and your furry mate, allowing you both to enjoy life together in New Zealand’s beautiful landscapes and dog-friendly communities. By choosing a training method that respects your dog’s welfare and suits your lifestyle, you’ll be well on your way to achieving this goal.